Blog Week 14: Outline in Creating an Essay

Here is an outline to help others to create an essay!

I. Decide on your topic
   A. What motive is behind your essay?
        1. compare/contrast
        2. persuasive
        3.explanation process
        4. cause/effect
        5. narrative
        6. informative
        7. visual/descriptive
II. Research the subject of choice
    A. Gather all subject matter
    B.  Gather all research material
III. Select the target audience
    A.  Rhetoric
        1. vocuabulary, the process, the depth of the article
            a. the purpose is to not offend or bore your audience
IIII.  Create the Body
     A. write all topic information
         1. do not worry about grammar, punctuation
IV.  Create the Conclusion
    A. Sum up the body
        1. the body remains fresh in the writer's mind
        2. remind the key points to audience
        3. restate thesis
V.Create the Introduction
   A. Sets the stage for the audience
   B. Attention grabber
     1. pull the audience in; open up with a famous quote, lyrics, poem, question, etc.
   C. State the thesis or purpose statement
     1. the purpose of the essay, the lesson of the essay
   D. Roadmap
     1. prepares the reader to follow through the essay without getting lost
VI. Peer Edit
   A. the action will allow a fresh pair of eyes to correct, grammar or punctuation
     1. have an open mind
     2. take positive criticism
These are the basic steps in creating an essay.  Good luck!

Blog Week 13: Peers; Strengths & Weaknesses

Throughout this fall semester 2012, the knowledge that has been provided to us as a class has been resourceful by explaining the process of writing and not the "why?" or the "how come?"  Every single blog we have written has explained just that, the writing process.  Now we are asked to peer edit our peers their strengths and weakness.  We all know of course to take this as positive criticism, because it only allows us to be better writers.  Here are a couple of my peers in their strengths and weakness. 

Hello Kaid, in blog week 10A: http://kmprovence.blogspot.com/2012/10/blog-week-10a.html, your first statement, "The importance of an introduction to any essay can't be overstated."  Terrific point!  You are exactly, right!  The object is to draw your audience in and not mislead them by turning them off from your essay.  Another point you mentioned, "If you want to persuade them into something, you should glorify it in every possible way, while still being able to support your claims," is a effective and strong word in explaining to your audience and getting across the importance of an introduction.  Job well done Kaid, you executed this blog entry!
Kaid, in blog week 12A:http://kmprovence.blogspot.com/2012/11/blog-week-12a.html, the first point mentioned stands valid and right on point.  Researching the subject is critical.  Next, you may want to suggest who the target audience will be.  This action will help you in selecting the correct comprehending strategies with your lingo, the process, and the depth of the article in order to have your audience follow along.  Another helpful hint, do not forget the purpose of the rhetorical tools we have learned during the semester.  Using a couple can help the reader understand the comprehension of your essay.  There is always room for improvement!  

Very well implemented Ky,
Hello again Ky, in blog week 12A: http://kyybyrd.blogspot.com/, after piecing it all together you should suggest to target a specific audience that way you can utilize certain verbage in order for your audience with the process and the depth of the essay.  This will guide your audience throughout the article without them wandering off from the original subject.  Afterwards, suggest the dumping of the body onto paper as the meat of the essay.  You want to pour your thoughts, feelings, and facts onto paper in order to create the body.  Secondly, creating the conclusion then the introduction.  These are the main philosophies our instructor has taught us throughout the semester.  If you stick to these rules you will have a successful paper.  Good luck!
Ky, in blog week 8B: http://kyybyrd.blogspot.com/2012/10/blog-week-8b.html, when explaining the extended definition, remember to open up to your audience about what you are writing.  That way you intrigue your audience and keep them captivated with your knowledge.  Write everything down first, but do not forget to go back to elaborate on the "whys?" and the "how comes?"  Meaning the extended definitions intertwine with the meaning of your essay.  They go in depth in order for your audience to follow with the writer.  There is always room for improvement! 

Blog Week 12B: Just like a Vacation!

A continuation from Blog Week 12A, once you have landed at your desired destination, next comes a game plan in the sightseeing.  The organization skills you planned before making the trip will be put to good use.  The research would have made the sightseeing easier in the decision of what should be first and so on.  These tools will assist you in writing a well-developed essay.  The classification and division will come into play for the well-organized paper.  This will allow the reader and writer to stay together as one.  Exploring one site may have a few popular sites within, therefore you divide up that one site.  Remember classification and division are breakdowns of the subject.  Immediately, while you are touring the foreign place the objects, people, and places come in as exceptional visuals.  It is your eyes first time laying sight on all the diverse objects.  Your memory and camera takes pictures of all the extraordinary sites.  Visual rhetoric is the tool being used in your essay to share with your audience.  This tool helps your audience imagine all the sites, objects, and people you experienced while on your vacation.  Traveling to a foreign place can automatically trigger compare and contrast between your homeland and the destination of your choosing.  It is human nature to see what others have and what we may not.  As humans we take for granted our environment and sometimes we are bored of it.  We travel to exotic places and become in awe with the natives environment, but the natives feel the same way we did before we left on vacation, about their own environment.  Compare and Contrast definitely benefits the reader dissect two subjects similiarities and differences.  Sometimes a little vacation fixes our taking for granted, because once we arrive back home, the Wasatch Mountains are Magnificent Again!

Blog Week 12A: The Skeleton of an Essay

In order to plan a successful vacation, you must decide on where you would like to see.  Second, research must come after the decision, because it will help you decide on the destination that is suitable for you.  This entire decision- making comes in comparable to writing an essay.  It is wise to review my previous blogs to have a better understanding with this current one.  Rhetorical cannons are basic tools to produce a successful essay.  First thing is first.  Research and gathering material will lead into the Invention - creating a story, Second, selecting your target audience in order to select the correct comprehending strategies.  In other words using the correct vocabulary, the process, and depth of the article will help the audience to follow along.  When you are finished gathering research and have sense who your audience is, dump all your information onto paper; you are creating the body.  You want to start with the body first so that all the information is displayed.  In addition, it is easier to create the conclusion second, and lastly, the introduction.  Third, the Arrangement - having the story in chronological order and Style - how the story is told.  The style can have rhetorical tools such as a piecemeal, mutability/plasticity, or a open-ended closure.  Other tools a writer may incorporate are cause and effect, this helps the reader to comprehend the material in which is being read.  Visual rhetoric gives the reader visual images.  Sometimes visual rhetoric can trigger 'gazes' for the reader.  Compare and contrast guides the reader to find the similarities and differences of an object, subject, ideas, or analogies.  Memory - a mnemonic device, such as classification and division can assist the writer in breakdowns in any subject for a more organized read.  Delivery - to give interest to your audience, Explication/Implied - to give details to your readers and to communicate to your audience without being direct but understood, Analyze the obvious - the characters, plotting, set, and theme, and Familiar and Strange - when the reader can relate to the writer and odd experience to the reader.  The four last rhetorical cannons should be kept in mind when reviewing your own paper.  These goals must be kept to be successful writer.  At the very end of the paper, pass it to a peer for some positive feedback.  Always have an open mind for positive criticism.  Peer reviews are excellent ideas, because having a fresh pair of eyes can lead up to the final draft, the masterpiece.

Blog Week 11A: How to Create a Process Explaination Essay

When creating an explaination process essay, make sure you do your homework by researching the subject of choice.  That way you have the material you would like to present to your audience.  Organization is the key to entice and keep your audience's attention at all times. 
In getting started first an introduction on an essay sets the stage for your audience. Start with an attention grabber, such as famous quotes, poems, or lyrics to begin with the opening of the introduction. This immediately pulls the audience into the vital information that will soon follow leading into the essay. Build on the continuance of the information which leads into the purpose statement.  In the purpose statement, you will inform or present to the audience your discussion.  The object of the introduction gives your audience a 'road map' of the essay. It prepares the reader to follow through the essay without getting lost in your words.
Secondally, the road map that was presented in the introduction should show the pathway throughout the creation of the body in the essay.  The body is vitally important to the reader.  It holds all the information you are presenting to the audience.  You can apply rhetorical tools such as, classification and division, extended defintions, and cause and effect.  These particular tools will help the essay stay in chronological order, explain to the audience what something is they may not know, and to describe how something happens, we analyze it in order to predict what will happen.
Finally, the conclusion will sum up all the information you just wrote in the body.  Stating the purpose statement once more and again, utilizing the road map to help the reader to stay on path so they don't wander off.  The conclusion should always have the same ending in a explaination process essay.
These are the esstenial tools one should have to create and complete a explaination process essay in order to captivate the audience.

The Importance of an Intro: Blog Week 10A

An introduction on an essay sets the stage for your audience.  Start with an attention grabber, such as famous quotes, poems, or lyrics to begin with the opening of the introduction.  This immediately pulls the audience into the vital information that will soon follow leading into the essay.  Build on the continuance of the information which leads into the thesis statement.  The object of the introduction gives your audience a 'road map' of the essay.  It prepares the reader to follow through the essay without getting lost in your words. 

Week 9A Blog: Extended Definition of Classification and Division

Classification and Division occur in breakdowns of any particular subject.  The breakdowns assist the writer to place the material in sequential order for a more organized read.  In going back to my previous two blogs of The Importance of Extended Defintions will help explain classification and division.  As we search for answers, "Who is to blame for the deaths of innocent lives?"  Three questions we can start to examine by asking:

• Is it the New England Compounding Center's fault?
• Could it be the individual's immune system fault?  Not blaming the victim directly but the vulnerability of each person's immune system?
• The technique of the injection in which it was given to the patient? 

First question, the contamination site started within the pharmacy.  The importance of greed came first and the sterlization procedures were ignored and not followed through by the appropriate personnel.  Therefore, leaving room for terrible error on the pharmacist's behalf leading to hospitalization and deaths nationwide.  Some people may not know this but in majority pharmacies, pharmacy technicians compound the drugs and the pharmacists check the drugs and the required documentation of each compound that comes out of the labs.  Without the appropriate documentation or labeling another probability for error occured, the age of the drug.  Expiration dates are mandatory because the drug loses its capabilities or particles start to form, causing the drug to be unsafe.  In the end, the release of the drug to the public is at the hand's of the pharmacist, he/she is legally held responsible to any error that may occur.
Second question, the age of the patient plays a major role on the individual's immune system.  The older one exists the more vulnerable the immune system coexists.  The drug, methylprednisolone acetate is a steroid which suppresses the immune system.  The combination of a steroid and a pathogen given to already a weak immune system proves deadly.
Third question, what technique(s) was performed in giving the epidural injection?  The epidural site happens to be a crucial site for an injection, especially if not given from a licensed practioner.  Malpractice happens in some doctor's office without the patient's knowledge.  The patient enters into the office trusting that he/she's well-being comes first, but when policies are ignored and an unlicensed individual is given the needle to inject the patient, malpractice arises.  So can we blame the doctor, the office policies, or the individual who gave the injection?
Looking back to the original three questions, is it the New England Compounding Center's fault?Could it be the individual's immune system fault? Not blaming the victim directly but the vulnerability of each person's immune system?  The technique of the injection in which it was given to the patient?  Each main question reflects as a main heading which divides into the explainations and breakdown the material for the reader to follow through the entire article.

Blog Week 8B: Definitions Part II

From my previous blog, I entailed a quick summary on how extended definitions place importance for the readers.  Here are three phrases within the article I will demonstrate extended definitions to include the reader in the reading.

"The case count and death toll are still rising — 205 cases and 15 deaths in 14 states — and more are expected. The drug has been recalled, but the incubation period can stretch to 43 days or more. Some patients exposed before the recall may fall ill in the next few weeks or even months."  The 'incubation period' is the act of keeping an organism culture in a conditions for favorable for growth and development.  Meaning a higher chance for more cases to present themselves, because the fungus needs time to grow within the human being before first sign symptoms start to show. 

 

"Individual differences in immune systems and the ability to fight off infection also probably played a role. By and large, the people who received these injections were healthy. But they tended to be middle-age or older — when spine problems often occur — and the immune system does become less robust with age."  'Age' plays a humongous difference on a person.  The older one is the more vulnerable their immune system and spinal problems are affected.

"A needle that went too far in could have nicked the dura and let the fungus into the spinal fluid, from which it could then have easily traveled to the brain. Doctors say that meningitis cannot occur unless the dura is somehow breached."  The 'dura' is the membrane that surrounds the spinal cord and brain.  If the dura is penetrated by an experience or a non-licenced individual can increase the chances of the fungus infecting the patient and cause death.

I have demonstrated the extended definitions of these three phases.  Hopefully it leaves the reader with a better understanding and comprehension of the article. 

Blog Week 8A: The Importance of Definitions

Do you ever wonder why some readings are more complexed than others?  Perhaps it is our reading level or perhaps it is our lack of understanding certain words.  I personally maintain my iPhone close to me when reading a novel, an article, and even a newspaper.  An iPhone or a dictionary, two wonderful references to look up the meaning of words that 'we' are not sure of.  Looking up words and the definitions give us a better comprehension of what we are reading.  Definitions help keep the audience's attention and increases their knowledge of words individuals may lack.  There are key patterns of definitions in which a person must know, such as exemplification, description, compare and contrast, process, and classification and division.  In the following article I will demonstrate the patterns of a "process" and a "description."

I previously read an insidious article posted in The New York Times, pertaining to contaminated methylprednisolone injections that were compounded in a compounding pharmacy, called the New England Compounding Center, located in Framingham, Massachusetts.  Methylprednisolone acetate is a steroid in which is injected near the spinal cord for back and neck injuries in order to soothe inflamed and irritated nerves.  Death is occuring because the result of the fungal contamination causing an outbreak of a unique form of meningitis.  The articles in depth description entails the order of the occurances leading up to the fatalities.  New England C.C. compounded the drug in bulk and shipped the product to seventy-five pain clinics in twenty-three states. Because of the drug shortages compounding pharmacies are allowed to alleviate the demand locally but not to become a miniature version of a major drug-maker cooperation.  The reason behind the bulk production stands behind the savings of currency for the doctors' offices.  The contaminated drug gets injected into the patient's epideral site sending the meningitis straight for the brain.  The pharmacy is mainly to blame, but there lies unanswered questions inside the physician's offices as well, for example "who administered the drug into the injection site?"  Are they legally qualified?  Injecting in that particular complexed area, was there a fluoroscopy (a medical device to help tract the needle to ensure it does not penetrate the spinal membrane) used?  In this causing death for the patient.  Throughtout the article demonstrates the descriptive process of an innocent patient's suffers and dies over greed, recklessness, and lack of policies. Article is called, "Steroid Shot Near Spine Gives Illness an Opening," by Denise Grady.

Blog Week 7A -- AdVaTaNgEs Of ViSuAl RhEtOrIcAL TOoLs

The billboard that post, "60 seconds wait time at InterMountain Emergency Hospital" is posted on a busy intersection highway.  Grabs a driver's attention for at the minimum a couple of seconds.  Enough time to take in and comprehend, especially at a time of emergency.  The visual would consist of "a man's hand that is wrapped up in a guaze, which needs immediate attention," to go with the quick and easy text message would completely capture the viewer's attention.  In the following, I will list some examples of visual rhetorical tools.
The first basic rhetorical tool, compare and contrast is a tool in which you compare similiarites and differences on a subject or a visual image.  Compare and contrast helps the viewer on higher-order thinking skills, such as, comparing, analyzing, organizing, and evaluating.  A second rhetorical tool would be considered as a 'political gaze' for instance with our democrats versus the republicans.  When you think of Obama, at this present moment, Romney comes to mind.  The two names go together at this present moment.  A third tool, persuasive themes show through the imagery highlights specific themes that are high level and universal aiming to evoke feelings of nationalism, tradition, and nostalgia.  A fourth tool, master narratives, ,which are deep rooted in culture and context, enduring stories within particualar countries, regions, cultures or groups.  The fifth and final tool, are called, 'audience resonance and effects' providing meaningful signals regarding audience resonance and whether a particualar effect or impact has occured. 

Compare and Contrast: Understanding the Depth

Scientists say earth has been around for millions of years, but some people disagree and say thousands.  Either way the earth is built up of four basic elements, air, fire, earth, and water.  Air being primarily wet and secondarily hot.  Fire being primarily hot and secondarily dry.  Earth being primarily dry and secondarily cold.  Water being primarily cold and secondarily wet.  When comparing or contrasting these four elements they can not be one, without the other.  They all intertwine with one another, yet the forms of the elements are so different.  Compare and contrast helps us to figure out the similiarities and differences of an object, topic, ideas, or analogies.

The commerical that comes out late at night with the battered, sheltered animals and the Sarah McLaughlin song, "In The Arms of an Angel," playing in the background.  The music and images put together are heartbreaking for the viewer.  The idea behind the message is getting the viewer to donate money for the cause of battered pets.  The message is a harsh, cold reality and the organization places that upon the viewers in hopes to promote awareness of abused pets and raising money to fund the organization.  Therefore, the images are used to persuade and intrigue the viewers.  Visual rhetoric proves to assist compare and contrast in the writing process tremendously. 

Blog Week 5A

Visual rhetoric is used to give the viewer visual images.  For example, when you see a picture of the American flag, what comes to mind?  First, you will notice the American standard color, "Old Glory Red" and "Old Glory Blue"along with the white stripes and stars.  The blue rectangle canton that holds the fifty whites stars, represent the fifty states that create the United States.  The thirteen stripes which represent the original thirteen British colonies which first colonized America. Any proud American should know what the significance of the colors represent, red - hardiness and valor, white - purity and innocence, blue - vigilance, perserverance, and justice.  You may also visualize the flag representing the land of the free, the land of opportunity, and most of all freedom.  Freedom is the most powerful right we have as Americans.  Some countries object on our variety of freedoms and would rather go back to the 4th or 5th centuries.  Freedom is what makes America, GREAT!   

Gazes are pictures, paintings, drawings, statues, and other visual aids to help the audience visualize. Rhetorical visual gazes can be described in many different forms. The main visual gazes that we as a class discussed, the first gaze is the 'familio' gaze reminds us of family memories or a small group of people you know very well.  It is the intimate memories that bond us.  Second gaze, the 'national' gaze for example where were you on 9/11/2001, when the Twin Towers fell?  It is tied into a common culture.  The third gaze, 'world' gaze the infamous Mona Lisa is taught through our world history classes along with who painted the portrait, Leonardo daVinci.  A 'consumer' gaze is targeted a certain audience/shopper.  How the item is presented to grab our attention.  The gaze is based on how we shop.  Another example is a 'travel' gaze, targets travelers and the activities you do during vacation or trips.  The Grand Canyon, Hawaii, and Japan are all exotic trips one can take to set on the travel gaze.  Finally, the 'political' gaze, especially right now when you hear about politics, you imagine Obama and Romney, and their race for the presidency.  There are many other gazes for different categories, however these that I have mention are the primary gazes.  I hope I have given you a visual and a understanding about rhetorical visual gazes.

Blog Week 4A

The benefits for writing a paper that pertains to cause and effect will help your paper flow smoothly when explaining how something happened.  We analyze why it happen, in order to predict what will happen.  There is no effect without a cause and vice versa.  The thesis statement tells how the cause and effect relates to one another.  On the other hand, there can be a contributing cause to set the main cause to roll the ball into the effect.  This is called 'Post-Hoc Reasoning' which is not necessary the main cause to bring about the main effect. 

Cause and Effect helps the reader to comprehend the material in which is being read.  Asking questions will help determine the main idea and the contribution ideas.  We analyze a paper to predict what the outcome will be.  It is in our nature to predict, especially when reading an article, a paper, or even a book.  The cause and effect guides us from point A to point B. 

Blog Week 3B

The importance of having a peer review is, to help us become better writers.  Hearing what you need to execute from a professor can be overwhelming or sometimes all you hear is Charlie Brown's teacher.  Your peer's can alleviate some anxiety that may occur when having to produce a paper.  You must be ready to have an open mind before peer review and learn to accept any kind of positive criticism your peer's may have for you.  I personally believe peer review's are an excellent idea.  A fresh pair of eyes are sometimes all you need in order to correct, change, or take out to create your masterpiece.

Blog Week 3A

Ms. Zambrano's article contained the rhetorical tools mutability/plasticity, piecemeal, windows of opportunity, and open-ended closure.  I wil explain how these tools made the article flow smoothly and adequately. The author refers to King Arthur's fictional character's popularity throughout history is still be written about to present day.  Ms. Zambrano's sets up her essay in chronological form to give the reader a crash course on the historical Arthur to the fictional King Arthur, revealing many of the stories always resort back to King Arthur. 

The first tool, mutability/plasticity describes Arthur's stories containing the ability to be rewritten or reshaped for a particular audiences.  Ms. Zambrano gives examples, some audience will not quite like the romance element of Arthur but are more into the goury side of Arthur.  Therefore, the writer will remold the entire story in order to maintain the audience's attention.

The second tool, piecemeal illustrates how Arthurian narratives are written from various sources one piece at a time.  Ms. Zambrano explains how the bits and pieces of Arthurian narratives work and not the individual tales.  Thus, going into the third tool windows of opportunity.  This tool is used to fill in the blanks with the imagination of the writer.  The writer can take what ever piece they want from Arthur in which they feel is incomplete.  Writers usually retell and tell stories because they feel that they can tell the story better and history has a tendency of repeating itself.

The last and final tool, is the way open-ended closure desmonstrates if a reader wants more of the story, then he/she will have to invent the rest of the story to his/her liking.  Ms. Zambrano describes Arhurian narratives are constantly evolving from bits and pieces, history, imagination, or what is perceived as incomplete by the writer.

Blog Week 2B

As I emphasize the importance of applying narrative elements in reading comprehension.  It is critical for all to learn and retain comprehension strategies in order to dissect readings.  Comprehension strategies must be taught at an early age and must be practiced on an everyday basis.  In doing so, this will give readers and writers clearly an advantage in a 'self-regulated fashion' to enhance comprehension in school, work, and life.  The more knowledge one has the less problems will occur comprehending.

The various structural elements are the setting, characters, plot, and theme.  Utilizing the strategies will help the reader break down the plot, which has four parts.  The plot consists, the problem of the story, the response of the character(s), what action was taken, and the outcome.  There are also the subplots, which are the individual episodes.  A narrative must encompass these elements to uphold structure.  Without structure you will lose your audience. 

Blog Week 2A

Paragraph one should cover the importance of narrative as found in the class readings.

The importance of a narrative is used to tell a large story, whether fictional or non-fictional.  A narration must be kept in chronological format to transition smoothly for the reader.  Verb tenses must also be carefully used whether the story is in past, present, or future.  The writer will then set the base of a well-constructed story.

Paragraph two should be a discussion of how these rhetorical tools are used to reach a desired audience.

The rhetorical cannons are helpful tools to captivate the audience by invention, arrangement, style, memory, delivery, explication/implied, analyze the obvious, and familiarity.  With these tools the reader will have a better understanding of the writer's story.

1. Invention - Creating a story in order to captivate the audience. 
2. Arrangement - Having the story in chronological order for a smooth transition for the audience.
3. Style - How the story is told
4. Memory - Can be used as mnemonic device for the writer to keep a chronological order
5. Delivery - To give interest to your audience
6. Explication/Implied - Explication is to give details to your reader and implied is communicating with your audience without being direct but understood.
7. Analyze the obvious - The characters, plot, setting, and theme.
8. Familiar/Strange - Familiarity is which the reader can relate to the writer and strange is an odd experience to the reader.